Therapy
for Prostate Cancer
Radical prostatectomy
Radical prostatectomy is surgical removal of the entire prostate.
This operation is indicated for cancer that is limited to the prostate
and has not invaded the capsule of the prostate, any other nearby
structures or lymph nodes, or distant organs.
- The entire prostate, seminal vesicles, and ampulla of
the vas deferens are removed, and the bladder is connected to the membranous
urethra to allow free urination.
- Complications of this procedure include urinary
incontinence and impotence. Newer techniques spare the nerve that controls
urination and erection. Of men who undergo these newer techniques, 98% are
continent, and 60% are able to have an erection.
- Radical prostatectomy can be combined with radiation
therapy in men with cancer that is even further isolated in the prostate area.
There is an excellent survival rate if cancer has not spread.
- Be certain you understand the risks and benefits of this procedure before deciding to go ahead.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is an alternative to prostatectomy.
- Part of the prostate is removed by an instrument
inserted through the urethra.
- An electric current passes through a small wire loop
at the end of the instrument. The electrical current cuts away a piece of the
prostate.
- This is used in early stage disease to remove tissue that is blocking urine flow.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy: This technique involves inserting a probe through a
small skin incision and freezing areas of cancer in the prostate.
- This therapy is reserved for cancer localized within the prostate
as well as for men who are unable to withstand the conventional
therapies such as surgery or radiation.
- The probe is guided to areas of cancer by using TRUS.
Cancerous tissue appears on the ultrasound and allows the surgeon to
monitor therapy and limit damage to normal prostate tissue.
- There are several advantages to using this procedure over
surgery and radiation therapy. There is less blood loss, shorter
hospital stay, shorter recovery times, and less pain than with
conventional surgery.
- The long-term effectiveness of this procedure is unknown because it is a newer treatment.
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